Normal variants

Benign anatomic variations routinely encountered on CCTA — ramus intermedius, absent left main, high origin, conus/SA nodal variation, myocardial bridging.

CCTA is excellent for defining the exact course and origins of coronary arteries. Several benign variations are routinely encountered — knowing them prevents over-calling pathology.

1
Ramus intermedius

Present in ~ 15% of the population. Occurs when the left main coronary artery trifurcates, giving rise to a third vessel (the ramus intermedius) that travels between the LAD and LCx.

2
Absent left main

The LAD and LCx arise from completely separate ostia directly from the left coronary sinus.

3
High origin

The coronary ostium arises high above the sinotubular junction — usually inconsequential but worth noting for procedural planning.

4
Conus & SA nodal branches

The conus branch typically arises as the first branch of the RCA, but can occasionally arise from a separate ostium directly from the right sinus of Valsalva. The SA nodal branch usually arises from the proximal RCA, but frequently arises from the LCx instead.

5
Myocardial bridging

A segment of an epicardial artery (usually the LAD) temporarily dives deep into the myocardium. Full article: Myocardial bridge.

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Dominance: R, L & codominant
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Anomalous origin from opposite sinus